Cardiology and cardiovascular medicine

• General concepts

• Flow, pressure and resistance
• Overview of cardiovascular system
• Cardiovascular system requirements and consequences of failure

• Cardiac physiology

• Cardiac histoanatomy
• Cardiac electrophysiology
• Electrocardiography
• Cardiac mechanical function and the cardiac cycle
• Cardiac function and regulation

• Vascular physiology

• Vascular functional anatomy
• Vascular function and regulation

• Cardiovascular physiology

• Cardiovascular integrated function
• Measurement and manipulation of cardiovascular functional parameters

• Cardiovascular signs and symptoms

• Anamnesis
• Compensation and decompensation
• Vital signs in a cardiovascular context
• Pain
• Edema
• Dyspnea
• Cough
• Cardiac asthma
• Tiredness and exercise intolerance

• Cardiovascular diagnostic and therapeutic examinations and procedures

• Basic cardiac examination and heart sounds
• Respiratory examination as part of cardiovascular physical examination
• Peripheral vascular examination
• Electrocardiography
• Cardiac biochemistry
• Cardiac stress test
• Angiography
• Catheterization
• Electrophysiology
• Cardioversion
• Cardiopulmonary resuscitation

• Cardiovascular pharmacology

• Overview of cardiovascular pharmacology
• Antihypertensive drugs
• Antihyperlipidemic drugs
• Antiarrhythmic drugs
• Angianginal drugs
• Cardiostimulatory drugs
• Vasodilator drugs
• Antihypotensive drugs
• Antithrombotic drugs

• Cardiovascular disease

• Overview of cardiovascular disease
• Atherosclerosis
• Thrombosis and embolism
• Venous thromboembolism
• Arterial thromboembolism

• Disorders of cardiac circulation blood flow

• Ischemic heart disease
• Acute coronary syndrome
• Chronic coronary syndrome
• Coronary thrombosis

• Disorders of cardiac electrical conduction

• Overview and classification of arrhythmias
• Bradycardia
• Supraventricular tachycardia
• Ventricular tachycardia
• Cardiac ectopy
• Cardiac axis deviation
• Strain pattern
• Cardiac arrest and sudden cardiac death
• Artifical pacemaker
• Pacemaker syndrome

• Disorder of cardiac output

• Overview of heart failure
• Pathophysiology of heart failure
• HFpEF, HFmEF, HFrEF

• Aquired anatomical heart disease

• Pericarditis
• Myocarditis
• Cardiomyopathy
• Endocarditis
• Valvular heart disease
• Cardiomegaly and ventricular hypertrophy

• Inherited anatomical heart disease

• Congenital heart disease

• Disorders of heart secondary to other disease

• Pulmonary heart disease
• Hypertensive heart disease
• Rheumatic heart disease

• Disorders of blood pressure

• Pathophysiology of hypertension and end-organ damage
• Primary hypertension
• Secondary hypertension
• Pulmonary hypertension
• Hypertensive nephropathy
• Hypertensive emergency and hypertension-mediated organ damage
• Hypotension and hypotensive shock
• Orthostatic hypotension

• Disorders of vascular system

• Central and peripheral disease
• Peripheral arterial disease
• Post-thrombotic syndrome
• Chronic venous insufficiency
• Cerebrovascular disease
• Inflammatory vascular disease
• Aneurysm and dissection
• Vascular malformation

• Determinants of cardiovascular disease risk

• Risk factors in a cardiovascular context
• Cardiovascular risk assessment
• Genetics, age and sex
• Hypertension as a risk factor
• Tobacco, alcohol and other drugs
• Physical activity
• Diet
• Glucose and diabetes
• Blood lipids
• Metabolic syndrome